The Influence of Residential Building Cluster Orientations on Outdoor Thermal Performance in Hot Arid Regions (Special Issue: 3rd Young Researchers Conference 2025 )

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Department of Architecture Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81542, Egypt

Abstract

This study evaluates the impact of residential building
cluster orientations on outdoor thermal performance in New Aswan
City, Egypt, using ENVI-met simulations to analyze four
configurations: north–south (N–S), east–west (E–W), northwest–
southeast (NW–SE), and northeast–southwest (NE–SW). Key
metrics—air temperature (Ta) and mean radiant temperature (Tmrt)—
were assessed at pedestrian level (1.5 m) under extreme summer
conditions (July 1, peak Ta= 46.11°C). Results demonstrate that the
NE–SW orientation outperformed others, reducing Ta by 0.5–1.6°C
during peak hours (10:00–14:00) and maintaining lower Tmrt (peak: 83°C vs. 83.63°C for E–W) through optimized shading and radiative cooling. In contrast, E–W clusters exhibited the highest thermal stress due to prolonged solar exposure. The findings highlight NE–SW as the optimal orientation for mitigating heat stress in arid regions, providing actionable insights for urban planners to enhance microclimatic stability and reduce cooling energy demands in social housing developments.
International Journal of Applied Energy Systems
Volume 8, Issue 1
January 2026
Pages 8-14

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